Audio Qbank – Q231 – A 2M with a congenital disorder

 

A 2-year-old boy has a congenital disorder associated with hypotonia, lactic acidosis, optic atrophy, neurosensory hearing impairment, and seizures. He has a 4-year-old sister with myoclonus and hypotonia. A muscle biopsy is performed and shown below.


Which of the following is most likely characteristic of this patient’s disorder?

Heteroplasmy
Imprinting (maternal)
Imprinting (paternal)
Incomplete penetrance
Pleiotropy
Variable expressivity