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Protozoa are unicellular eukaryotes. Amoebas move and feed by extending pseudopods, which are temporary extensions of the cytoplasm. Entamoeba histolytica Acquired as cysts in fresh water. Organisms that are acquired …
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A 55-year-old man comes to the physician for a two-week history of itchy hands. One week ago, he came to the physician and was given clotrimazole, which was not effective. …
HY USMLE Q #926 – Derm / Pharm See Full Post
Many fungi can be grown on Sabouraud agar, so you can memorize this factoid as a starter. Dermatophytes are fungi that cause skin infections. Trichophyton spp. T. rubrum causes many …
Fungi See Full Post
A 71-year-old man is admitted to hospital for surgical management of an abdominal aortic aneurysm in which a graft is placed between the level of the aortic bifurcation and the …
HY USMLE Q #925 – Gastro See Full Post
Coronavirus The virus specifically known as SARS-CoV-2, or COVID-19, caused the 2019 global pandemic. SARS stands for Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome. The pandemic is believed to have started following a …
RNA viruses – Part III See Full Post
A 33-year-old woman comes to the physician for a 2-month history of restlessness and tremulousness. Heart rate is 90. She does not smoke or drink alcohol. Her brother has systemic …
HY USMLE Q #924 – Endocrine / Immuno See Full Post
Alphavirus Causes some obscure brain infection in a farmer called equine encephalitis. Asked maybe once on an old NBME form somewhere. Rubella (aka German measles) Causes fever and head-to-toe maculopapular …
RNA viruses – Part II See Full Post
Rhinovirus Most common cause of common cold (i.e., upper respiratory tract infection, with coryza, dry cough, no exudates, and no fever). Nothing else you need to know. Coxsackie A Causes …
RNA viruses – Part I See Full Post
A 69-year-old man is brought to the physician by his wife for a follow-up appointment. Physical examination shows shuffling gait, a resting tremor of the left hand, and increased muscular …
HY USMLE Q #923 – Parkinson pharm See Full Post
Parvovirus B19 Causes Fifth disease = “slapped cheek” facial erythema in Peds. Once child has developed the red cheeks, he/she has immunologically cleared the illness (i.e., if they turn it …
DNA viruses See Full Post