HY USMLE Q #922 – Neuro / Pharm
A 26-year-old man comes to the physician following an episode last night in which he awoke with a lancinating pain behind the right eye. He paced around his room for …
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Spirochetes + Mycobacteria
Spirochetes are a group of bacteria with a corkscrew- or question mark-shape that are visualized using a method called dark-field microscopy. You don’t need to know the following for USMLE, …
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HY USMLE Q #921 – Cardio / Renal
A 64-year-old man comes to the physician for a follow-up appointment. Vitals are normal. Physical examination shows crackles in both lung fields. There is jugular venous distention and peripheral edema. …
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HY USMLE Q #920 – Micro / Pharm
A 51-year-old man with HIV is admitted to hospital for a 2-day history of rigors, chills, and high fever. Blood cultures grow Aspergillus. Intravenous caspofungin is initiated. Inhibition of which of …
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Gram (-) diplococci + pleomorphic rods
It’s pass-level to know that Neisseria are gram-negative diplococci. Don’t confuse with Strep pneumo, which is gram-positive diplococci. Neisseria meningitidis The answer on USMLE for cause of meningitis in three groups: 1) …
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Gram (-) rods
Serratia marcescens Cause of nosocomial UTIs; urease-positive; can lead to struvite (ammonium magnesium phosphate; staghorn) calculi, since these form at higher pH. Grows cherry red on culture medium. Catalase-positive. Serratia …
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Gram (+) rods
Bacillus cereus Causes vomiting and diarrhea following consumption of reheated rice / fried rice due to germination of spores. Can also cause eye infections post-surgery (e.g., for cataracts). What the …
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HY USMLE Q #919 – MSK / Anatomy
A 24-year-old man is brought to emergency following a snowboarding accident. Physical examination shows difficulty extending the wrist and fingers. Which of the following is most likely to be seen …
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Gram (+) cocci
You can see that catalase (+) vs (-) is how we differentiate the Staph vs Strep. Staph aureus Gram (+) cocci in clusters; catalase (+); coagulase (+). Grows yellow on culture medium …
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HY USMLE Q #918 – Pathology
A 29-year-old woman comes to the physician for a follow-up appointment. Auscultation of the chest shows an ejection click. Physical examination shows a well-appearing female with scattered nevi, a wide …
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